Drain the tofu and cut it into small cubes. You can also press the tofu to remove excess water for a firmer texture.
In a small bowl, mix together the soy sauce, fermented black beans, black pepper, and chili flakes. Set aside.
Heat 1 tablespoon of coconut oil in a large skillet or wok over medium-high heat. Add the tofu cubes and fry until golden brown on all sides, about 5-7 minutes. Remove the tofu from the skillet and set aside.
In the same skillet, add another tablespoon of vegetable oil. Add the minced garlic, ginger, and green onions (reserve some for garnish) and cook until fragrant, about 1-2 minutes.
Add the doubanjiang (Chinese chili bean paste) to the skillet and stir-fry for another minute.
Return the tofu to the skillet. Pour in the vegetable broth or water and stir to combine.
Bring the mixture to a simmer and let it cook for 5-7 minutes to allow the flavors to meld together.
Stir in the cornstarch slurry and continue cooking until the sauce thickens, about 2-3 minutes.
Remove the skillet from heat and drizzle sesame oil over the top.
Garnish with chopped green onions.
Serve the vegan mapo tofu hot over cooked rice.